Another fiveAlabama, Nebraska, Oregon, Utah and Virginiaallow corporations to contribute an unlimited amount of money to state campaigns. Government in America: Elections and Updates Edition, George C. Edwards III, Martin P. Wattenberg, Robert L. Lineberry, Christina Dejong, Christopher E. Smith, George F Cole, Consider the multiple linear regression model, $y=\beta_0+$ $\beta_1 x_1+\beta_2 x_2+\varepsilon$. 1079 (H.B. 899, Sec. The Code of Judicial Conduct may not prohibit, and a judicial candidate may not be penalized for, a joint campaign activity conducted by two or more judicial candidates. 1, eff. 1134, Sec. 4060), Sec. (c) Reasonable attorney's fees incurred in the suit may be awarded to the defendant if judgment is rendered in the defendant's favor. (e) A person who violates this section commits an offense. When someone receives the benefits of collective action without contributing, it is known as which of the following? $$. D. None of the above. - Democrats receive more funds from interest groups than do Republicans. (C) $15,000, if the population of the judicial district is less than 250,000. Texas' longest-serving woman and Black person in the history of the Texas Legislature, Rep. Senfronia Thompson, has a compilation of bills she's introducing during the legislative session. 3.26 & 4.09 \\ For example, among the states studied, Florida, Minnesota, Michigan, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Texas, and Wisconsin all held gubernatorial elections alongside their state legislative elections in 2018 but not 2020. if(document.getElementsByClassName("reference").length==0) if(document.getElementById('Footnotes')!==null) document.getElementById('Footnotes').parentNode.style.display = 'none'; Communications: Alison Graves Carley Allensworth Abigail Campbell Sarah Groat Caitlin Vanden Boom Acts 2019, 86th Leg., R.S., Ch. 253.097. Capital Eye Opener, Dec. 13: Women Donors for Obama, Ashley Judd Favored for Dems' Senate Nomination, and More. Correct Answer(s) 996, Sec. Substantial contributions from PACs mean greater attention from candidates. A contribution that is received and refused during that period shall be returned to the contributor not later than the 30th day after the date of receipt. 2.07, 2.08, eff. CONTRIBUTION FROM CORPORATION OR LABOR ORGANIZATION. Sec. (d) A judicial officeholder or a specific-purpose committee for assisting a judicial officeholder may not, in any calendar year in which the office held is not on the ballot, use a political contribution to knowingly make a political contribution to a political committee that, when aggregated with each other political contribution to a political committee in that calendar year, exceeds $250. Sometimes there are misspelled names, like a John Doe, John Dough, and John and Mary Dow, all at the same address. - The northeastern region of the U.S. has more lobbyists per capita than Texas (c) This section does not apply to a political contribution made by a general-purpose committee. (d) A person who violates this section is liable for a civil penalty not to exceed three times the amount by which the reimbursement made in violation of this section exceeds the applicable limit prescribed by Subsection (a). white non-Hispanics made up about 38% of the state's population Hispanics evangelical Protestants overwhelmingly identify themselves as Republican 384 (H.B. Collectively, U.S. House candidates raised more money by Aug. 27 than House candidates raised during the entire 2014 midterm election cycle, and Senate candidates weren't far behind. CONTRIBUTION LIMITS. $$ Sept. 1, 2003. (2) a business in which the candidate or officeholder or a person described by Subdivision (1) has a participating interest of more than 10 percent, holds a position on the governing body, or serves as an officer. 1647), Sec. 253.102. EXPENDITURES FOR GENERAL-PURPOSE COMMITTEE. resale? CONTRIBUTION TO POLITICAL PARTY. Sec. 304, Sec. 4060), Sec. denial of government benefits that derive from an interest group's lobbying. (2) held an office other than a judicial office, unless the person had become a candidate for judicial office and the contribution was made in connection with an election for judicial office. In the early twentieth century what areas were generally over represented in many state legislatures? 384 (H.B. Acts 2019, 86th Leg., R.S., Ch. Sept. 1, 1997; Acts 1999, 76th Leg., ch. June 16, 1995. SELECT A CYCLE 2020 All federal contributions Top Individual Contributors: All Federal Contributions, 2019 - 2020 Export to CSV Showing 1 to 25 of 100 entries June 2, 2019. Public interest group: Which of the following is a type of media that includes advertising in newspapers, magazines, and direct mail? What are the qualifications to be eligible to run for the Texas House? Acts 2017, 85th Leg., R.S., Ch. How long is the Texas legislature in session? get-out-the-vote efforts (e-1) This subsection applies only to a political party required to nominate candidates by primary election. Who has raised the most money? Sec. Sec. 1219 (S.B. 3233), Sec. 479, Sec. The lieutenant governor is not formally a senator and cannot vote except in cases of a ties, yet he or she had great power over the state. ~~~~~\text{Car registration} & &4.33 & 0\\ $$. An offense under this section is a Class A misdemeanor. COMMUNICATION WITH STOCKHOLDERS OR MEMBERS. APPLICATION OF CONTRIBUTION AND REIMBURSEMENT LIMITS TO CERTAIN CANDIDATES. Added by Acts 2019, 86th Leg., R.S., Ch. The Center for Responsive Politics looks at the donor demographics for the presidential race, a poll shows Ashley Judd is the favored Democrat to run for Senate in Kentucky and a lobbying firm picks up a big name. gifts} & & 20.00 & 11.65\\ such as textbooks, contact OpenSecrets: info[at]crp.org. Jan. 1, 1992. It was unfair to minorities therefore unconstitutional. 481 (H.B. On . 253.004. Sec. 384 (H.B. C) the candidates' political party. RESTRICTIONS ON CONTRIBUTIONS AND EXPENDITURES. influencing governmental decisions on behalf of an interest group. Open Secrets following the money in politics, OpenSecrets Following the money in politics. 763, Sec. Select one or more years, states and race types, then click "Apply Filter" to see results. ~~~~~\text{Parking/tolls} & & 15.00 & 15.00\\[10pt] | | Recession | Stable | Expansion | $$ The lieutenant governor is not formally a senator and cannot vote except in cases of a tie, yet he or she has a great power over senate. B. 253.038. 5(1), eff. Incorrect answers: 552, Sec. If so, is he also liable for losses and expenses related to 3233), Sec. 249, Sec. Sec. 996, Sec. a small six-pound cannon in Gonzales, Texas June 2, 2019. the candidates' political party. Over 80 percent of campaign donations to candidates for commissioner come from the industries the commission regulates, leading many critics to charge that it has been captured by the interest groups it is supposed to oversee. DC 7% 16 Q High turnover rates in the Texas legislature are primarily due to: A ~~~~~\text{Clothing } & & 40.00 & 31.75\\ Texas ranks among the top 10 when compared to other states in contacting or visiting public officials. Acts 2019, 86th Leg., R.S., Ch. (b) Subsection (a)(2) does not apply to a political contribution that was made and accepted with the intent that it be used to defray expenses incurred in connection with an election, including the repayment of any debt that is: (1) incurred directly by the making of a campaign expenditure during the period beginning on the date the application for a place on the ballot or for nomination by convention was required to be filed for the election in which the candidate last appeared on the ballot and ending on the date of that election; and. "Pete Smith"). Added by Acts 1997, 75th Leg., ch. 209 (H.B. Which of the following is the primary goal of an interest group? Transparency USA matches the lists of candidates who filed to run for Texas House of Representatives or Texas State Senate in the last two election cycles with records of campaign accounts and affiliated political action committees (PACs). 4 (S.B. Personal funds deposited in an account in which political contributions are held are subject to Section 253.035 and must be included in the reports of the total amount of political contributions maintained required by Sections 254.031(a)(8) and 254.0611(a). 1, eff. (a) A corporation or labor organization may not make a political contribution that is not authorized by this subchapter. June 19, 2009. 2586), Sec. Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1987; Acts 1993, 73rd Leg., ch. \begin{array}{l c r r} 2012)]. electioneering campaigns and get-out-the vote efforts (a) A judicial candidate or officeholder, a specific-purpose committee for supporting or opposing a judicial candidate, or a specific-purpose committee for assisting a judicial officeholder may not knowingly accept a political contribution except during the period: (A) the 210th day before the date an application for a place on the ballot or for nomination by convention for the office is required to be filed, if the election is for a full term; or, (B) the later of the 210th day before the date an application for a place on the ballot or for nomination by convention for the office is required to be filed or the date a vacancy in the office occurs, if the election is for an unexpired term; and. Effective interest groups tend to have which of the following resources available to them? 3066), Sec. 1), Sec. 1, eff. Powers similar to those of the Speaker of the House, Does not have to be from the same party that controls Texas Senate. 253.001. Sec. Amended by Acts 1997, 75th Leg., ch. UNLAWFULLY MAKING OR ACCEPTING CONTRIBUTION. What do interest groups most want from policy makers? OpenSecrets A 501(c)(3) tax-exempt, charitable organization 1100 13th Street, NW, Suite 800 Washington, DC 20005 (202) 857-0044 INFO: info@crp.org The major criteria for distinguishing major from minor bills is what? 17(2), eff. 242, eff. Sept. 1, 1997; Acts 1997, 75th Leg., ch. By delivering each package as fast as possible, regardless of quality (d) Repealed by Acts 2019, 86th Leg., R.S., Ch. In 2020, 71 contested state legislative primaries took place, and 19 of them (27%) were decided by a margin of 10% or less. 1329 (H.B. After linking all campaign accounts to a candidate name, Transparency USA "cleans" the data; in other words, they remove duplicate and sometimes triplicate entries. It is important to understand which receipts are considered contributions because: Contributions count toward the threshold that determines whether an individual has qualified as a candidate under the Federal Election Campaign Act (the Act). Jan. 1, 1992. (b) A statewide officeholder, a member of the legislature, or a specific-purpose committee for supporting, opposing, or assisting a statewide officeholder or member of the legislature may not knowingly accept a political contribution, and shall refuse a political contribution that is received, during the period prescribed by Subsection (a). An out-of-state political committee that does not file reports electronically in another jurisdiction may comply with Section 254.1581, Election Code, by sending a copy of the cover sheets of the report and a copy of each page on which the committee reports a contribution or expenditure accepted or made in connection with a state or local . Added by Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. Define the restricted and unrestricted models if the hypotheses are 3233), Sec. Sept. 1, 1997. 253.036. Added by Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 899, Sec. Sec. 1164 (H.B. High turnover rates in the Texas legislature are due primarily to what significant factor? CONTRIBUTION ON MEASURE. Added by Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. (a) A political committee assisted by a corporation or labor organization under Section 253.100 may not make a political contribution or political expenditure in whole or part from money that is known by a member or officer of the political committee to be dues, fees, or other money required as a condition of employment or condition of membership in a labor organization. 1, eff. CIVIL PENALTY. (d) A corporation or labor organization may not make expenditures under this section for: (1) political consulting to support or oppose a candidate; (2) telephoning or telephone banks to communicate with the public; (3) brochures and direct mail supporting or opposing a candidate; (4) partisan voter registration and get-out-the-vote drives; (5) political fund-raising other than from its stockholders or members, as applicable, or the families of its stockholders or members; (6) voter identification efforts, voter lists, or voter databases that include persons other than its stockholders or members, as applicable, or the families of its stockholders or members; (7) polling designed to support or oppose a candidate other than of its stockholders or members, as applicable, or the families of its stockholders or members; or. September 1, 2007. Sec. Sen. Mitt Romney, Utah Republican: $13,645,387. Sept. 1, 1997. $$ 3.73 & 4.05 \\ 76.02, eff. The heftiest contributions are all to super PACs, because campaign finance laws restrict individual donations to campaigns to $2,800 per election. (b) A person who violates this section commits an offense. Sec. subscription to a magazine Half of all Texans believe that they can trust all or most people in their neighborhood. September 1, 2019. 40, eff. (g) A specific-purpose committee that converts a political contribution to the personal use of a candidate, officeholder, or former candidate or officeholder in violation of this section is civilly liable to the state for an amount equal to the amount of the converted contribution plus reasonable court costs. Acts 2019, 86th Leg., R.S., Ch. Why? What was the result of the case Hunt v. Cromartie (1999) in terms of political gerrymandering? Added by Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. September 1, 2009. Sign up for our newsletter to track moneys influence on U.S. elections and public policy. Amended by Acts 1987, 70th Leg., ch. The size of legislature raises issues, as smaller legislatures may be more what? (C) $5,000, if the population of the judicial district is more than one million. 384 (H.B. A person who knowingly makes or accepts a political contribution or makes a political expenditure in violation of this chapter is liable for damages to the state in the amount of triple the value of the unlawful contribution or expenditure. COERCION PROHIBITED. 1, eff. Correct answers: 3233), Sec. As of the 2020 Census, Texas state senators represented an average of 940,177 residents. 3233), Sec. 2492), Sec. Sept. 1, 1997. September 1, 2019. (4) "Law firm" means a partnership, limited liability partnership, limited liability company, professional corporation, or other entity organized for the practice of law. CONTRIBUTION PROHIBITED EXCEPT DURING ELECTION PERIOD. \begin{array}{cc} 3, eff. The contribution limits under this subsection are: (1) for a statewide judicial office, $25,000; or. 426 (H.B. (a) Repealed by Acts 2019, 86th Leg., R.S., Ch. Sept. 1, 2003. (2) deliver to the county clerk of each county a written certification of the county's population, if the county: (A) comprises an entire judicial district under Chapter 26, Government Code; or. CORPORATIONS COVERED. They are public servants who do not personally profit from their backgrounds. (b) A person who receives a political contribution that violates this section shall return the contribution to the contributor not later than the later of: (c) A person who violates this section is liable for a civil penalty not to exceed three times the amount of the political contributions accepted in violation of this section. After the 2010 Census, each member represented 811,147 residents. (c) A person who violates this section commits an offense. 2, eff. 2.26, eff. ), Correct answers: 3066), Sec. After submitting the high bid at (b) This section does not apply to a political expenditure made or authorized in violation of Subchapter F. Sec. \text{Fixed} \\ NONPARTISAN VOTER REGISTRATION AND GET-OUT-THE-VOTE CAMPAIGNS. CIVIL PENALTIES IMPOSED BY COMMISSION. Incorrect answers: (a) A person may not knowingly make or authorize a political contribution while in the Capitol or a courthouse to: (3) a person acting on behalf of a candidate, officeholder, or political committee. \text{Expenses} & & \text{Budgeted} & \text{Spent}\\[10pt] September 1, 2009. For permission to reprint for commercial uses, Interest groups use - to combine contributions from many donors into one large contribution in order to - the group's impact on the candidate. At the statewide or legislative level, fines for missed reporting deadlines start at $500. 253.162. Which Legislative function is the committee demonstrating? (h) In this section, "courthouse" means any building owned by the state, a county, or a municipality, or an office or part of a building leased to the state, a county, or a municipality, in which a justice or judge sits to conduct court proceedings. (b) A person who violates this section commits an offense. One more note: Candidates must provide detailed information (name, address, occupation, employer, and date of contribution) about their donors when the donor gives the candidate more than $90 in a given reporting cycle. listing an individual's name as a sponsor of an organization 253.154. (e) In this section, "legislative caucus" means an organization that is composed exclusively of members of the legislature, that elects or appoints officers and recognizes identified legislators as members of the organization, and that exists for research and other support of policy development and interests that the membership hold in common. (b) The contribution limits under this section are: (1) for a statewide judicial office, $5,000; or. A contribution made by United States mail or by common or contract carrier is not considered received during that period if it was properly addressed and placed with postage or carrier charges prepaid or prearranged in the mail or delivered to the contract carrier before the beginning of the period.
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